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Essay The War on Terrorism - 1599 Words

The war on terrorisms nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The war on terrorisms has had many lost souls, this war has been the most expensive war is history and not a lot of countries are in favor of it. Because of the terror attacks on September 11, the president of the United States George W Bush and his government has spent hundreds of billions of dollars trying to protect their county and finding terrorist on other countries. (Picture 1) Terrorism is the affected, use of violence to bring forth fear . Terrorists know what they are doing and their targets are planned in advance. Terrorism may be motivated by political, religious, or ideological ideas. The base of terrorism is to produce fear in someone to make a government change its†¦show more content†¦The many environmental impacts include, the preparation for war, including training grounds, camps, barracks, weapons testing etc. the immediate impacts of terrorism, are usually sudden, and can be either direct or indirect. Direct impacts include bomb and blast damage to settlements, rural areas and communication networks. Defoliation and ecosystem destruction, the dumping of the machinery of war and the destruction of resources such as oil fields also occur. Indirect impacts are many and varied and are often longer lasting than the direct impacts. They include the construction of various camps such as refugee camps, and the distortion of population composit ion as young males join the conflict; in countries where agriculture is a major activity this may result in land abandonment and degradation may ensue. Other indirect impacts include loss of wildlife as animals are hunted for bush meat. Particularly long-lasting effects include the use of land for war graves and other things. Also if terrorists get a hold of a plane what is used for agriculture like spraying herbicides and pesticides they can put chemicals on the planes and omit them over large area in a short period of time which can kill plants, animals and even people. Social Issues on the War on Terrorism In a society that is every changing many people have different thoughts about the war on terror, the days after 911, the Council on American-Islamic Relations says itShow MoreRelatedWar On Terrorism And Terrorism875 Words   |  4 PagesWar on Terrorism The most current and imminent threat to the future of the United States is foreign terrorism, which occurs primarily outside the US territory, due to the increasing development in weapons of mass destruction. Although, the US in the last two decades has seen an increase of terrible acts of terrorism here in own country. These foreign and domestic entities utilize intimidation and violence for their political gain or religious beliefs, by instilling fear in innocent lives. TerroristsRead MoreThe War On Terrorism And Terrorism1614 Words   |  7 Pagesthat Islam has been consistently portrayed by global media as a violent-prone religion that is diametrically opposed to the West. Since then so-called â€Å"War on Terrorism, â€Å"against a vague and undefined enemy, rages on in from Iraq to Syria. Since September 11, 2001, the United States has initiated a number of wars in Muslim countries. These wars, which would be more correctly called massacres, have resulted in the deaths of countless innocent Muslims. Despite there are many ways to see that MuslimsRead MoreThe War On Terrorism And Terrorism1231 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: Thesis: Since the attack that started September 11, 2001, the War on Terrorism has added a sense of fear into American’s daily lives. 11 September 2001; this date will have the same mentality as 7 December 1941 for as long as history is studied. Thousands of Americans woke up that day as if it was just another Tuesday. Americans boarded flights, drove to work, and went with their lives when chaos struck. Flight 11, the airplane that hit the North Tower and Flight 175 crashed intoRead Morewar and terrorism833 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿P3: Outline the terrorism methods used by key terrorist organisations Terrorism is an act that threatens or carries out violence with the intention to disrupt, kill or coerce against a body or nation in order to impose will. This means that a lot of groups use this method to get what they want. The groups use a variety of methods, groups such as: Al Qaeda, who mainly use suicide bombing methods, this is good, because it means there are lots of deaths. This leads to scare and forcing the GovernmentRead MoreGlobal War On Terrorism And Terrorism1367 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal War On Terrorism   Ã‚  Ã‚   The attack executed in the United States on September 11, 2001 was one of the worst attacks and acts of war ever seen in U.S. history. On that day 2,996 innocent people were killed, over 6,000 people were injured, and about $10 billion in structural and infrastructure damages was caused. The cost added up to $3 trillion in total.   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Global War on Terrorism is a metaphor of war referring to the global military campaign led by the United States of America. The war isRead MoreWar on Terrorism769 Words   |  4 PagesThe War On Terrorism Every morning, millions of people around the world begin their day by reading the newspaper. News topics are constantly discussed in everyday life and remain the dominant topic of conversation between friends, family, and even strangers. It is our responsibility as a modern society to recognize all events that impact our lives and make others aware of them, and newspapers as well as the general media allow us this opportunity. The New York Times, a worldwide newspaper, offersRead MoreWar On Terror And Terrorism1300 Words   |  6 PagesWar on Terror After the incident of September 11, 2001, War on Terror became a serious problem. That attack made huge effects on U.S government and many other countries. Many innocent people lost their lives because of those terrorists. No one knows if an incident like the one on September 11 will happen again, but we have to know that â€Å"we are the primary target†. According to Patrick Coaty’s â€Å"War on Terror,† the terrorism has been developed throughout history. So that people should know to fightRead MoreThe Construction Of The War On Terrorism1103 Words   |  5 Pagessociety is characterized as â€Å"terrorism.† In the context of international relations, terrorism is one of the most challenged definitions. The term â€Å"terrorism† is politically and emotionally charged, which has made it difficult for the international community to develop a universally agreed upon definition. In a general sense, terrorism can be expressed as the use or threatened use of force against civilians to provoke political or social change. Shared elements of terrorism also include that it is politicalRead MoreAmerica And The War On Terrorism1621 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica and the War on Terrorism The â€Å"War on Terror† began from the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City, New York, the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and in Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001 (9/11). The current president at the time was newly elected President George W. Bush in which he gave a speech announcing the infamous â€Å"War on Terror†. This an on-going war and its effects are being felt today. Before knowing what the Global War on Terror looks like, it is necessary to defineRead More War on Terrorism Essay774 Words   |  4 Pages The War On Terrorism Every morning, millions of people around the world begin their day by reading the newspaper. News topics are constantly discussed in everyday life and remain the dominant topic of conversation between friends, family, and even strangers. It is our responsibility as a modern society to recognize all events that impact our lives and make others aware of them, and newspapers as well as the general media allow us this opportunity. The New York Times, a worldwide newspaper, offers

The Inflammatory Response Free Essays

The body is designed to defend itself against invading bacteria, and infection. The skin and mucous membranes are the first line of defence, the invasion of foreign bacteria can pass this first line of defence and immediately triggers the second line of defence. The second line of defence is the inflammatory response (McCance Huether, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on The Inflammatory Response or any similar topic only for you Order Now The mechanism of the inflammatory response is to protect the injured site by killing the agent responsible, limiting its effects on the rest of the body and initiating the healing process (Porth, 2007). According to Botwinski (2001), during infection bacteria grow and divide, and release potent toxins that cause damage to the body’s cells. These toxins trigger the initiation of the inflammatory response. The changes that occur are initiated by the interactions between bacterial products and inflammatory mediators. Inflammatory mediators are chemicals that are released by protective cells or plasma when harmful agents invade the body. Inflammatory mediators include histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes (Kumar, Abbas, Fausto, Robbins, Cotran, 2005). The main cells involved are the mast cells and are located in connective tissue in close contact with blood vessels. Mast cells play a key role in the inflammatory response, when stimulated by infection they release a potent substance called histamine. When histamine leaks into the tissues it causes changes in the surrounding blood vessels. The two changes that occur in the blood vessels is blood vessel dilation and increased capillary permeability. The changes are designed to maximise the movement of plasma proteins and circulating cells out of the blood flow and into the site of infection (McCance Huether, 2009). At the onset of injury the histamine that is released causes the blood vessels at the site to constrict for a short time then dilate (Nair, 2009). This widening of the blood vessels increases blood flow, and therefore increases the amount of oxygen, nutrients, and white blood cells being delivered to the site of injury (Botwinski, 2001). New blood vessels can also open up at the site and the area becomes flooded with blood. This increase in blood flow produces the characteristics of redness and warmth and are the earliest symptoms seen in the inflammatory response (Porth, 2007). The blood vessel wall confines blood products and cells in the circulation and prevents it from leaking out into the surrounding tissues of the body. This is done by cells called endothelial cells that tightly line the walls (Braun Anderson, 2006). The chemicals that are released at the site of injury bind with receptors on the endothelial cells and cause’s them to retract producing gaps in their walls. This structural change allows healing fluid and cells to escape out into the affected area (Porth, 2007). Braun Anderson (2006) describe that the harmful bacteria are diluted by this increased amount of fluid. The increased fluid and pressure produces the swelling seen at the site of infection. Nerve endings can also be stimulated as a result from the increasing pressure and this is what can cause the pain associated with infection (Nair, 2009). An important part of the inflammatory response is to send circulating white blood cells to the infected area. They are attracted in large numbers to the scene of injury as a result from blood vessel dilation and the release of bacteria substances and inflammatory mediators (Kumer et al. 2005). The white blood cells job is to provide a defence by killing invading bacteria, and getting rid of dead tissue. The main white blood cell in the inflammatory response is the neutrophil and arrives first at the site of inflammation approximately six to twelve hours after the initial injury (McCance Huether, 2007). Macrophages are cells that live in various tissue locations and like the neutrophils they are released in the blood stream and attracted to the sub stances released at the site of infection. Macrophages and neutrophils are called phagocytes, and share the same job in the inflammatory response, which is to clean up the damage by ingesting and killing the invading bacteria (McCance Huether, 2005). According to Sherwood (2009), the phagocytes floating in the circulation stick to the inside of the blood vessel wall, this process is called mirgination. Diapedesis then occurs, in this process the phagocytes squeeze through the gaps of capillary walls that were formed earlier on in the inflammatory response. Chemical mediators called chemotaxins accumulate at the site of infection and attract the phagocytes. Once inside the surrounding tissue the phagocytes make their way through the tissue to areas where there are higher concentrations of chemotaxins, this process is called chemotaxis (Roitt Delves, 2001). Once at the affected area the neutrophils and macrophages eliminate the invading bacteria from the inflammation site by a process called phagocytosis. Phagocytosis is â€Å"cell-eating† and is a three stage process composed of recognition and attachment, engulfment, and killing and degradation (Kumar et al. , 2005). Phagocytes have receptors on their surface that enable them to recognise and attach to the receptors on the surface of the microorganism, this attachment prevents the bacteria from â€Å"getting-away†. In the process of engulfment the phagocytes stretch two surface like projections called pseudopods around the microorganism until it completely surrounds it, the microorganism is then trapped inside. Potent chemicals and enzymes are released inside the phagocyte and these break down and kill the invading microorganism. The pus that forms at the infected site is the accumulation of these phagocytic cells both living and dead (Sherwood, 2009). McCance Huether (2009) describe that there are three protein systems that are also initiated during the inflammatory response. They are the complement, clotting and kenin systems, and consist of protein enzymes. These systems work along side the protecting cells and help them carry out their roles. The complement system consists of potent defensive proteins that help in the destruction of invading bacteria. The clotting system produces fibrinous tissue that acts as a boundary by trapping the bacteria and maximising the activity of the phagocytic cells. The clot that is formed also minimizes blood loss and prevents spread of infection (Botwinski, 2001). The kenin system consists of mainly bradykinin a protein that cause’s dilation of vessels, vascular permeability, and pain (McCance Huether, 2009). The protective mechanisms of the inflammatory response prepare the site for healing and regeneration of the destructed tissue. Depending on the severity of infection and damage this can be a long process and is finished when structure and function is returned to normal (McCance Huether, 2009). How to cite The Inflammatory Response, Papers

Analysis of Red Bull Distribution Channel free essay sample

They relied heavily on store executions to get the necessary retail push. Since 2009, Red Bull has begun selling to wholesellers and began the practice of price cutting. The reasons for these changes in strategy was that the competition in the energy drink segment was increasing through the improved presence of XXX and Cloud9. As a result of these changes there is a high volatility in the prices of Red Bull in the retail channels. There are two consequences to high price volatility/price cutting: 1. Lower margins to the company: Selling at multiple price points and focusing heavily on retail push will lose the company a lot of money which it would have been entitled to had it sold on a single price. 2. Retailers remain confused regarding their costs for stocking Red Bull. Also, retailers complain about missing out on short-lived lucrative prices as they were already well stocked and couldn’t afford to buy more from the distributor when the low price was on. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Red Bull Distribution Channel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The cost per can of Red Bull varies from Rs 65 – Rs 75. The MRP of the product is Rs 85. Hence the retail margins vary from 11. 7% to 23. 5%. Recommendations: Red Bull should stop the practice of volatile pricing and should go back to implementing a single landing price for retailers. Price volatility and the consequent high retail push makes sense for products that have a high amount of competition and low pull. This is also an effective strategy when the company is unable to execute the retail stores effectively. But, Red Bull is the leader of the category and currently there is no visible competition for it. Neither Cloud 9 nor XXX